import cv2
import numpy as np


def kmeansClusterColors(
    img,
    method: int = -1,
    K: int = 3,
    criteria=(cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_EPS + cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_MAX_ITER, 100, 0.2),
) -> list:
    """
    将图片颜色类聚

    Args:
        img:
            图片
        method: int = -1
            颜色匹配方式。即 cv::ColorConversionCodes。可选，默认 4 (RGB)。
            常用值：4 (RGB, 3 通道), 40 (HSV, 3 通道), 6 (GRAY, 1 通道)。
            默认不进行转换。
        K: int = 3
            颜色聚类个数
        criteria = (cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_EPS + cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_MAX_ITER, 100, 0.2)
            K-means 参数，迭代停止的模式选择
    Return:
        [( center color, array([color, ...]), ... )]
    """
    if method >= 0:
        img = cv2.cvtColor(img, method)
    # 将图像数据转换为一维数组，保留颜色通道
    pixels = img.reshape((-1, img.shape[-1]))
    # 聚类
    _, labels, centers = cv2.kmeans(
        pixels.astype(np.float32),
        K,
        None,
        criteria,
        10,
        cv2.KMEANS_RANDOM_CENTERS,
    )
    # 将颜色值转换为原来的颜色通道类型
    centers = centers.astype(img.dtype)
    # __show(centers[labels.reshape(img.shape[:-1])])
    # 返回结果
    ret = []
    for i, center in enumerate(centers):
        colors = pixels[(labels == i).flatten()]
        ret.append((center, colors))
    return ret


def getCount(img, lower, upper, connected: bool, method: int = -1) -> int:
    """
    获取匹配成功的数量

    Args:
        img:
            图片
        lower:
            颜色下限值
        upper:
            颜色上限值
        connected: bool
            是否是相连的点才会被计数
        method: int = -1
            颜色匹配方式。即 cv::ColorConversionCodes。可选，默认 4 (RGB)。
            常用值：4 (RGB, 3 通道), 40 (HSV, 3 通道), 6 (GRAY, 1 通道)。
            默认不进行转换。
    Return:
        int
    """
    # https://github.com/MaaXYZ/MaaFramework/blob/main/source/MaaFramework/Vision/ColorMatcher.cpp
    # ColorMatcher::color_match
    if method >= 0:
        img = cv2.cvtColor(img, method)
    bin = cv2.inRange(img, np.array(lower, img.dtype), np.array(upper, img.dtype))
    # __show(img)
    # __show(bin)
    if connected:
        return __count_non_zero_with_connected(bin)
    else:
        return cv2.countNonZero(bin)


def __count_non_zero_with_connected(bin):
    number, labels, stats, centroids = cv2.connectedComponentsWithStats(
        bin, connectivity=8, ltype=cv2.CV_16U
    )
    count = 0
    for i in range(1, number):
        x = stats[i][cv2.CC_STAT_LEFT]
        y = stats[i][cv2.CC_STAT_TOP]
        width = stats[i][cv2.CC_STAT_WIDTH]
        height = stats[i][cv2.CC_STAT_HEIGHT]
        count = max(
            count,
            cv2.countNonZero(bin[int(y) : int(y + height), int(x) : int(x + width)]),
        )
    return count


def showClusterColors(cluster_colors):
    """debug用"""
    for center, colors in cluster_colors:
        # 创建一个用于显示颜色的图像
        img = np.zeros((100, len(colors), 3), dtype=np.uint8)
        # 填充颜色
        img[:50, :] = center
        for i, color in enumerate(colors):
            img[50:, i] = color
        # 显示图像
        __show(img)


def __show(img):
    """debug用"""
    cv2.imshow("debug show", img)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()


def __getBoxPlotValues(img, threshold: float = 1.5):
    """return: minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, maximum"""
    channel = img.shape[-1]
    colors = img.reshape((-1, channel))
    ret = ([], [], [], [], [])
    for i in range(channel):
        ccs = colors[:, i]
        # 计算各项数据
        q1 = np.percentile(ccs, 25)
        q2 = np.percentile(ccs, 50)
        q3 = np.percentile(ccs, 75)
        # 计算上下边界
        iqr = q3 - q1
        lower_bound = q1 - iqr * threshold
        upper_bound = q3 + iqr * threshold
        # 排除异常值
        q0 = max(ccs.min(), lower_bound)
        q4 = min(ccs.max(), upper_bound)
        # 返回结果
        ret[0].append(q0.astype(img.dtype))
        ret[1].append(q1.astype(img.dtype))
        ret[2].append(q2.astype(img.dtype))
        ret[3].append(q3.astype(img.dtype))
        ret[4].append(q4.astype(img.dtype))
    return ret


# 简易方法
def Simple(cluster_colors) -> list[tuple[list[int]]]:
    """
    基于四分位数的一种简易匹配方法

    Args:
        cluster_colors
            方法 clusterColors() 返回的结果

    Return:
        [(center, lower, upper), ...]
    """
    ret = []
    for center, colors in cluster_colors:
        _, lower, _, upper, _ = __getBoxPlotValues(colors)
        ret.append((list(center), list(lower), list(upper)))
    return ret


def RGBDistance(cluster_colors, threshold: int = 50) -> list[tuple[list[int]]]:
    """
    基于 RGB 通道的一种加权欧式距离匹配方法

    Args:
        cluster_colors
            方法 clusterColors() 返回的结果
        threshold: int = 50
            阈值 0 - 765 (255 * 3)

    Return:
        [(center, lower, upper), ...]
    """
    # https://www.compuphase.com/cmetric.htm
    ret = []
    for center, colors in cluster_colors:
        center = center.astype(np.int32)
        colors = colors.astype(np.int32)
        rmean = ((colors[:, 0] + center[0]) / 2).astype(np.int32)
        r = colors[:, 0] - center[0]
        g = colors[:, 1] - center[1]
        b = colors[:, 2] - center[2]
        distances = np.sqrt(
            (((512 + rmean) * r**2) >> 8) + 4 * g**2 + (((767 - rmean) * b**2) >> 8)
        )
        matched = colors[distances < threshold]
        lower, _, _, _, upper = __getBoxPlotValues(matched)
        ret.append((list(center), list(lower), list(upper)))
    return ret